A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON DIVERSITY AND RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF BUTTERFLY FAUNA (ORDER: LEPIDOPTERA) IN NAWAB WAJID ALI SHAH ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN, LUCKNOW, U.P., INDIA
BABITA SHARMA
Department of Zoology, B. S. N. V PG College (University of Lucknow), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
. SUSHMITA
Department of Zoology, B. S. N. V PG College (University of Lucknow), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
DAYA SHANKER SHARMA
Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
ASHOK KUMAR *
Department of Zoology, B. S. N. V PG College (University of Lucknow), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The assessment of butterflies diversity and relative abundance were conducted in the Butterfly Park, Nawab Wajid Ali Shah Zoological Garden (Lucknow Zoo) from the month of July 2020 to December 2020. Butterflies are considered as valuable bio-indicator species for examining and detecting changes in the environment because of their diversity, broad distribution specifically to vegetation type, quick response to perturbation, statistically significant abundance, and sensitivity to environmental variations. This study revealed presence of 62 species of butterflies belonging to 45 genera which represents five families. Family Nymphalidae has been most abundant and comprising 24 species, followed by 16 species of Lycaenidae, 14 species of Pieridae, 6 species of family Papilionidae and 2 species of Hesperiidae were recorded from the study area during the study period. According to the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 four species found to be protected. Species richness and abundance of butterflies has been highest during late monsoon to early winter. The relative abundance and diversity of each butterfly species depends upon the availability of food source, habitat condition and their environmental conditions. The present study will illuminate the knowledge about the diversity and abundance of butterflies in Butterfly Park of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah Zoological Garden, (Lucknow Zoo) Lucknow.
Keywords: Abundance, species richness, zoological garden, diversity, habitat conditions, environmental factors.
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Erhardt A. Diurnal Lepidoptera: Sensitive indicators of cultivated and Abandoned Grassland. Journal of Applied Ecology. 1985;22:849-861.
Kremen C. Biological inventory using target taxa: A case study of butterflies in rainforest Madagascar. Journal of Ecological Applications.1994;4:407-422.
Inouye DW. Role of pollinator of encyclopedia biodiversity. Academy Press; London. 2001;4:730-732.
Tiple AD, Arun MK. Butterfly species diversity; Habitats and seasonal distribution in Nagpur City, Central India. Journal of Natural History. 2009;43:855-884.
Kunte K. Seasonal patterns in butterfly abundance and species diversity in four tropical habitats in the northern Western Ghats. Journal of Biosciences. 1997;22:593-603.
Kunte K. Butterflies of Peninsular India Universities Press (India) Limited; Hyderabad. 2000;254.
Aluri JSR, Rao SP. Psychophily and evolution consideration of Cadaba fructicosa (Capparaceae). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 2002;99(1):59-63.
Tiple AD, Deshmukh VP, Dennis RLH. Factors influencing nectar plant resource visits by butterflies on a university campus: implications for conservation. Nota Lepidopteralogica. 2006;28:213-224.
Ehrlich PR, Raven PH. Butterflies and plants: A study in co- evolution. Evolution. 1964;18:586-608.
Borges RM, Gowda V, Zacharias M. Butterfly pollination and high contrast visual signals in a low- density distylous plant. Oecologia. 2003;136:571-573.
Kerr JT. Remotely sensed habitat diversity predicts butterfly species richness and community similarity in Canada. University of Oxford; United Kingdom. 2001;21.
Robbins RK, Opler PA. Biodiversity II;understanding and protecting our biological resources.;Joseph Henry Press; Washington DC. 1997.
Harinath P, Meera Bai G, Venkata Ramana SP. Diversity of butterflies- strategies adopted for its conservation at Yogi Vemana University Campus; Kadapa; A.P.; India. Discovery. 2014;11(27):34-51.
Khan ZH, Raina RH, Dar MA, Ramamurthy VV. Diversity and distribution of Butterflies from Kashmir Himalayas. Journal of Insect Science. 2011;24(1):45-55.
Hayes L, Mann DJ, Monastyrskii AL, Lewis OT. Rapid assessments of tropical dung beetle and butterfly assemblages:contrasting trends along a forest disturbance gradient. Insect Conserv Diver. 2009;2:194-203.
Bonebrake TC, Ponisio LC, Boggs CL, Ehrlich PR. More than just indicators:a review of tropical butterfly ecology and conservation. Biol Conserv. 2010;143:1831-1841.
Kumar A, Rana SS. Species diversity and community structure of butterfly in urban forest fragments at Lucknow; India. Journal of Applied Natural Science. 2018;10(4):12765- 1280.
Kumar A. Distribution and status of butterfly (Order:Lepidoptera) fauna with some habitats in Lucknow city;India. International Journal of Zoology Studies. 2020;5(1):10-14.
Varshney RK. Index Rhopalocera indica part II. Common names of butterflies from India and neighbouring countries. Records of Zoological Survey of India; 1983.
Wynter- Blyth MA. Butterflies of the Indian Region. Bombay Natural History Society;Bombay. 1957;523.
Sushmita, Sharma B, Sharma DS, Kumar A. Status of butterfly fauna (Order: Lepidoptera) in the summer season at Lucknow Zoo (Nawab Wajid Ali Shah Zoological Garden); U.P. India. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research. 2021;8(1).
Matter S, Ronald J, Keyghobadi N, Sabourin K. The effect of isolation: Habitat area and resources on the abundance, density and movement of the butterfly Parnassius smintheus. Am. Midl.al. 2003;150:26-36.
Venkataramana SP. Biodiversity and Conservation of butterflies in the Eastern Ghats. The Ecoscan. 2010; 4(1):59-67.
Deokar A, Shukla PN. A preliminary survey of butterfly diversity in Kolamarka Conservation Reserve;Central India. International Journal of Advanced Research. 2015;3(8):12-17.
Thakur MS, Bhardwaj S. Study of diversity and host plants of butterflies in lower Shiwalik hills;Himachal Pradesh. International Journal of Plant;Animal and Environmental Sciences. 2011;2(1):33-39.
Harsh S. Butterfly diversity of Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. Journal of Insects. 2014;1-4.
Shiva Rama. Krishna I, Swamy AVVS. Butterfly diversity at Nagarjunasagar- Srisailam Tiger Reserve. International Journal of Applied Biosciences. 2014;2(1):48-63.
Rajagopal T, Sekar M, Manimozhi A, Baskar N, Archunan G. Diversity and community structure of butterfly of Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Journal of Environmental Biology. 2011;32:201-207.