Asian Journal of Advances in Research

Phytochemicals are playing some metabolic role and control development in living systems. They are also protective function in animals and are used as medicine especially, the steroidal alkaloids. The plant species Acacia nilotica indica is an indigenous plant in most of the South Indian freshwater lakes. The plant species provides enormous ecological and economical values. In the present study area Vellode Lake, Acacia nilotica indica is the most dominated plant species. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct phyto-chemical analysis of the plant species to find its chemical constitution and its impact on the ecosystem. Based on the standard methods of extraction, extracts of the leaves, bark and fruits are prepared and used for further qualitative and quantitative analysis. Parameters including pH, total phenols, alkaloids, saphonins, total flavonoids, total nitrogen, total phosphates, total potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium of the plants parts were estimated. By the help of HPLC analysis presence of the major alkaloids like Dimethyl tryptamine, N- Methyl tryptamine, 5- Methoxy dimethyl tryptamine, Dimethyl tryptamine and flavonoids like 6,8 -bis C,B,D gluiopyranoside, (+) Catechin- 4,5 digallate, Melacacidin, (+) Catechin- 5,7 digallate, Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, Melacacidin and 1,2 - Dimethyl benza antracene of the plant species were detected. Dominant bacterial species were isolated from the lake soil, water and bird droppings. The dominant bacterial bacteria species of the lake are Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Streptococcai sp. and Clostridium sp. Antibacterial tests were conducted with the plant extracts. The results were clearly indicated the great amount of antibacterial potential of Acaci nilotica indica. Thus, the present study demonstrate the natural efficiency of the lake ecosystem against the pathogenic bacterial population.