Causes and Effects of Spectators’ Misbehaviour and Violence in Hadiya Hossana Football Club
Tesfaye Dolebo Awano *
Department of Sport Sciences, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.
Sisay Gebermariam Lombebo
Department of Sport Sciences, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the causes and effects of spectators’ misbehaviour and violence in hadiya hosanna football club. Descriptive research design was used to conduct this research. Observation, questionnaires, interview and focus group discussions were used as tools of data collection. 90 respondents were selected as sample among Club staffs, Federal arbiters, spectators and Players. This research describes an increasing trend of sports violence, and the supposed causes. Also describes several manifestations of sports violence; spectator to spectator, spectator to player or coach, and spectator to- officials.
Seating arrangement or crowd, alcohol drink before the match, referees biased decisions, poor performance of the club, less organization of spectators’ association, less awareness creation were the main causes of spectators’ misbehaviour and violence in the club. While suspension of the club, property Score of the club, wound of the spectators, loss of the club’s Property and decrease in income of the club were the main effects of violence in the club.
Keywords: Tropical tasar silkworm, Aggression, different food leaves, spectators, rearing traits, misbehaviour, violence