BIOACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS AND HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN TISSUES OF MARBLE SPINEFOOT (SIGANUS REVULATUS) FROM THE SYRIAN COAST (EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN)
YANA SOLIMAN
Marine Sciemces Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
ADIB SAAD *
Marine Sciemces Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
VIENNA HMMOUD
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Tartus University, Syria.
ALI BASSAL
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Tartus University, Syria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the concentrations of tow heavy metals, copper (Cu) and lead (Pb), and histopathological lesions in tissues of Marble spinefoot Siganus revulatus (Forsskål & Niebuhr, 1775) caught from the Syrian coastal waters during 2019-2020. Results indicated tha the metals were accumulated in different tissues of siganus rivulatus by various levels, where, the non-edible parts accumulated more metals than the edible muscles. Cu and Pb concentrations in the fish muscles were lower the maximum permissible limit, however, Cu in the liver exceeded the permissible limit. Several histological alterations were observed in the muscles, including vacuolar degeneration in muscle bundles, balloon necrosis, Melano- macrophage centers, splitting of muscle fibers and atrophy of muscle bundles. The liver showed vacuolar dilation in blood vessels, leucocytes infiltration, thrombosis formation in hepatoportal blood vessels haemorrhage, haemosiderin and focal areas of necrosis. It was concluded that the environmental contamination of Syrian coast induced several histological alterations in the tissues of siganus rivulatus.
Keywords: Histopathology, siganus rivulatus, heavy metals, bioaccumulation, syrian coast
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Alinnor, Obiji. Assessment of Trace Metal Composition in Fish Samples from Nworie River. Pak. J. Nutr. 2010;9:81-85.
Abalaka SE, Enem SI, Idoko IS, Sani NA, Tenuche OZ, Ejeh SA, Sambo WK. Heavy metals bioaccumulation and health risks with associated histopathological changes in Clarias gariepinus from the kado fish market, abuja, nigeria. Journal of Health and Pollution. 2020;10(26).
Fatima M, Usmani N. Histopathology and bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Cr, Ni and Pb) in fish (Channa striatus and Heteropneustes fossilis) tissue: A study for toxicity and ecological impacts. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 2013;16(9): 412-420.
Dohaish EJAB. Impact of some heavy metals present in the coastal area of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia on the gills, intestine and liver tissues of Lutjanus monostigma. Journal of Environmental Biology. 2018;39(2):253-260.
Aytekin T, Kargın D, Çoğun HY, Temiz Ö, Varkal HS, Kargın F. Accumulation and health risk assessment of heavy metals in tissues of the shrimp and fish species from the Yumurtalik coast of Iskenderun Gulf, Turkey. Heliyon. 2019;5(8):e02131.
Mahboob S, Al-Ghanim KA, Al-Balawi HF, Al-Misned F, Ahmed Z. Toxicological effects of heavy metals on histological alterations in various organs in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from freshwater reservoir. Journal of King Saud University- Science. 2020;32(1):970–973.
Nikalje SB, Muley DV, Angad SM. Histopathological changes in liver of freshwater major carp, Labeo rohita after acute and chronic exposure to textile mill effluent. The Bioscan. 2012;7:215-220.
Coulibaly S, Atse BC, Kouamélan EP. Histological alterations of gill, liver and kidney of black-chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron contaminated by heavy metals from Bietri Bay in Ebrie Lagoon, Cote d’Ivoire. International Journal of Science and Research. 2012;3(7):1970-1975.
Saad SMM, El-Deeb AE, Tayel SI, Ahmed NAM. Haematological and histopathological studies on Clarias gariepinus in relation to water quality along Rossetta Branch, River Nile, Egypt. Egypt. J. Exp. Bio. (Zool.). 2011;7(2):223–233
Mohamed FA. Bioaccumulation of selected metals and histopathological alterations in tissues of Oreochromis niloticus and Lates niloticus from Lake Nasser, Egypt. Global Veterinaria. 2008;2(4):205-218.
Kaoud HA, El-Dahshan AR. Bioaccumulation and histopathological alterations of the heavy metals in Oreochromis niloticus fish. Nature and science. 2010;8(4):147-156.
Alaa GM. Biomarkers in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) to assess the impacts of river Nile pollution: bioaccumulation, biochemical and tissues biomarkers. Journal of Environmental Protection; 2012.
Fatima M, Usmani N, Firdaus F, Zafeer MF, Ahmad S. In vivo induction of antioxidant response and oxidative stress associated with genotoxicity and histopathological alteration in two commercial fish species due to heavy metals exposure in northern India (Kali) river. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C. 2015;176–177: 17–30.
Mohammed SY, Idris OF, Sabahelkhier MK, El-Halim A, AM MM. Hepatic Enzymes and Tissues Responses of Rabbit Fish (Siganus rivulatus) against Heavy metals Pb and Cd at Red Sea Coast, Sudan; 2017.
Sula E, AlikoV, Marku E, Nuro A, Faggio C. Evaluation of kidney histopathological alterations in Crucian Carp, Carassius carassius, from a pesticide and PCB-contaminated freshwater ecosystem, using light microscopy and organ index mathematical model. International Journal of Aquatic Biology. 2020;8(3):154-165.
Ibrahim AA. Concentration of heavy metals in various organs of four fish species and their use as pollution indicators, Tishreen Uni. J for studies and sci. Res. 1999;21(9):239-254.
Mohamad I. Determination of (Cd,Az,Pb,Zn,Cr and Cu) in the flesh tissues of some kinds of marine beings at the shore of lattakia city by AAS. Tishreen university gournal for studies and scientific research- Basic science series. 2001;23(10):108-121.
Hammuod V. Study of the biology of reprouduction, grouth, nutrition, stock dynamics and contamination with some heavy elementas in two types of so..ph.d. in marine biology. Tishreen university. 2005;325.
Mohamad I. A study of the pollution of some Syrian coast and some marine organisms by some trace heavy metales.Tishreen university gournal for studies and scientific research- Basic science series. 2007;29(4):61-76.
Saad A, Hammoud V. Levels of mercury, cadmium and lead in the Tissue of Diplodus vulgaris (Linneus, 1758) (Teleostei Sparidae) from coast of Syria. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Méditerranée. 2007;38:308.
Sarem M, Hammoud V, Yousef N. Determeination of trace hevy metals in fish and water samples from southern part of Syrain Coast and the effect human activities on it. Thesis master in environmental chemistry Tishreen university. 2015;59.
Hammoud V, Salama L. Heavy metal concentrations in Tissues of some commercially important imported fishes in Syria and its suitability for consumption . King abdaulaziz university. 2016;2(28).
Ulman A, Saad A, Zylich K, Pauly D, Zeller D. Reconstruction of Syria’s fisheries catches from 1950–2010: signs of overexploitation. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 2015;45(3):259-272.
El-Moselhy KM. Bioacumulation of Metals by Marine Fish “Saurida” from the Different Sites of Egyptian Waters. Journal King Abddulaziz University Marine Science. 2003;14:33-51.
Khaled A. Seasonal Concentrations of Some Heavy Metals in Muscle Tissues of Siganus rivulatus and Sargus sargus Fish from El-Mex Bay and Eastern Harbour, Alexandria, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries. 2004;8:65-81.
Mohamed FA. Histopathological studies on Tilapia zillii and Solea vulgaris from Lake Qarun, Egypt. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences. 2009;1(1):29-39.
Opute P, Tawari-Fufeyin P, Osazee EN. Accumulation of Cadmium and the Modifying Effects of Copper and Lead in Tissues of African Snakehead, Parachanna obscura. -ISSN: 24085162; p-ISSN: 20485170. 2016;1(2):414-416.
FAO. Compilation of legal limits for hazardous substances in fish and fishery products. FAO Fishery Circular No. 464. Food and Agriculture Organization. 1983;5-100.
Yacoub AM, Mahmoud SA, Abdel-Satar AM. Accumulation of heavy metals in tilapia fish species and related histopathological changes in muscles, gills and liver of Oreochromis niloticus occurring in the area of Qahr El-Bahr, Lake Al-Manzalah, Egypt. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies. 2021;50(1):1-15.
Shahid S, Sultana T, Sultana S, Hussain B, Irfan M, Al-Ghanim KA, Mahboob S. Histopathological alterations in gills, liver, kidney and muscles of Ictalurus punctatus collected from pollutes areas of River. Brazilian Journal of Biology. 2020;81:814-821.
El-Naggar AM, Mahmoud SA, Tayel SI. (2009). Bioaccumulation of some heavy metals and histopathological alterations in liver of Oreochromis niloticus in relation to water quality at different localities along the River Nile, Egypt. World J. Fish. & Marine Sci. 2009;1(2):105–114.
Sultana T, Butt K, Sultana S, Al-Ghanim KA, Mubashra R, Bashir N, Mahboob S. Histopathological Changes in Liver, Gills and Intestine of Labeo rohita Inhabiting Industrial Waste Contaminated Water of River Ravi. Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 2016;48 (4).
Kaur S, Khera KS, Kondal JK. Heavy metal induced histopathological alterations in liver, muscle and kidney of freshwater cyprinid, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2018;6(2):2137-2144.
Kadry SM, Tayel SI, Afify MFH, El-Sayed RA. Eco-histopathological studied on Oreochromis niloticus fish living in Damietta Branch in Egypt. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2015;3(5):815–825.