ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS OF MAVADI KULAM AND ITS SURROUNDING BORE WELL WATER SAMPLES, PONMALAIPATTI, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI (DT), TAMIL NADU, INDIA
R. SUDHA *
Department of Zoology, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This paper deals with an assessment of water quality parameters of Mavadi Kulam and its surrounding bore wells, Ponmalaipatti, Tiruchirappalli (dt). In the case of Mavadi Kulam water samples, the mean value of pH, Electrical conductivity, Total Hardness, Magnesium Hardness, Phosphate, Silicate, and DO was within the permissible limit and Calcium Hardness was within the desirable limit. The low level of BOD of Mavadi Kulam water samples indicates higher water quality. The results reveal that the Mavadi Kulam water does meet the drinking water standards and is fit for drinking and domestic purposes. Some parameters of bore well water samples such as Electrical conductivity, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness, Sodium, and Potassium were higher than the Permissible limit. These results reveal that the groundwater does not meet the drinking water standards and it should be treated for people's health and environmental safety.
Keywords: Mavadi kulam, ponmalaipatti, tiruchirappalli, water quality parameters, groundwater
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Versari A, Parpinello GP, Galassi S. Chemometric survey of Italian bottled mineral waters by means of their labelled physico-chemical and chemical composition, J. Food Compos. Anal. 2002;15:51–64.
Lahiry S.C. Impact on the environment due to industrial development in 924, Chhattisgarh region of Madhya Pradesh, Finance India. 1966;10(1):133–136.
Tamiru A. Assessment of Pollution Status and Groundwater vulnerability Mapping of the Addis Ababa Water Supply Aquifers, Ethopia; 2004.
Mahananda MR, Mohanty BP, Behera NR. Physico-chemical analysis of surface and ground water of bargarh district, Orissa, India, Int. J. Res. Rev. Appl. Sci. 2010;2(3):284–295.
Mehari M and Mulu B. Distribution of trace metals in two commercially important fish species (Tilapia Zilli and Oreochromis Niloticus) Sediment and Water from Lake Gudbahri, Eastern Tigray of Northen Ethiopia, Int. J. Sci. Res. Publ. 2013;3:2250–3153.
Sudha R, Sangeetha T. Comparative study of water quality parameters of lake water (Chinna Eri) with surrounding bore well water samples, Thuraiyur (Tk), Tiruchirappalli (Dt), Tamil Nadu. Int. J. Curr. Res. Chem. Pharm. Sci. 2017;4(7):14-18.
Tank S.K and Chippa R.C. Analysis of water quality of Halena Block in Bharatpur Area, Int. J. Sci. Res. Publ. 2013;3(3).
Bhateria R, Jain D. Water quality assessment of lake: A review, Sustain. Water Resour. Manage. 2016;2:161–173.
Chaudhari GR, Deepali Sohani, Shrivastava VS. Groundwater Quality Index near Industrial Area, IJEP. 2004;24(1):29-32.
Pandian GV, Kannan N, Paulraj K, Paulrajan S. Effect of Industrial Pollution on ground water in Madurai Suburban Area IJEP. 2006;26(10):939-945.
Muthukumar S, Lakshumanan C, Santhiya G, Krishnakumar P, Viveganandann S. Assessment of water quality in Trichy City, Tamil Nadu, India. Int. J. Environ. Sci. 2011;1(7):1841-1855.
Bhatt KB, Salakani S. Hydrogeochemistry of the upper Ganges river, India. J Geol soc. India. 1996;48:171-182.
Karanth KB. Ground water assessment, development and management. Tata MCgraw-hill publishers, New Delhi; 1997.
Jain P, Sharma JD, Sohu D, Sharma P. Chemical analysis of drinking water of villages of Sanganer Tehsil, Jaipur District. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech. 2005;2(4):373-379.
Sudha R. Assessment of ground water quality in and around of Thuraiyur Taluk, Trichy district, Tamil Nadu. International Research Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences. 2016;3(2):46-58.
Kavitha A. Impact of urbanization on rivers of Chennai. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research. ISSN 2229-5518. 2013;4(5):396.
Diersing N. Water Quality: Frequently Asked Questions, Florida Brook, Keyss National Marine Sanctuary Key West, FL; 2009.
Campbell N, D’Arcy B, Forst A, Novotny V, Sansom A. Diffuse pollution—an introduction to the problems and solutions. Tunbridge, Wells: IWA; 1996.
Wang JL, Yang YS. An approach to catchment-scale groundwater nitrate risk assessment from diffuse agricultural sources: a case study in the Upper Bann, Northern Ireland, Hydrol. Process. 2008;22.
Thitame S.N and Pondhe G.M. Assessment of seasonal variations in physico chemical characteristics and quality of Pravara River water for irrigation use in Sangamner dist. Ahmednagar Maharashtra, J. Chem. Pharmaceut. Res. 2010;2(2).
Subba Rao N. Spatial control of groundwater contamination, using principal component analysis. J Earth Syst Sci. 2014;123(4):715-728.
Brindha K, Elango. Groundwater quality zonation in a shallow weathered rock aquifer using Gis. J Geo Spat Inf Sci. 2012;15(2):1-10.
Olanjire AA, Imeokparia FE. Water quality assessment of Osun River: Studies on inorganic nutrients. Environ Monit Assess. 2001;69(1):17-28.
WHO. Guidelines for drinking water quality. 3 rd edn. Geneva; 2004.
Rai AA, Paul B, Kishor N. A study on the sewage disposal on water quality of Harmu River in Ranchi city Jharkhand, India, Int. J. Plt. Animal. Environ. Sci. 2012;2(1):102-106.
Mohamed Sihabudeen M, Abbas Ali A, Zahir Hussain A. Study on ground water pollution at Tiruchirappalli town, Tamil Nadu. Advances in Applied Science Research. 2015;6(5):1-5.
Azeez PA, Nadarajan NR, Mittal DD, Pollution Research. 2000;19(2):249–255.
Jha AN, Verma PK. Pollution Research. 2000;19(2):75–85.
Abdul Jameel A. Indian Journal of Environmental Health. 2002;44(2):108- 112.
Yadav SS, Kumar Rajesh. Advances in Applied Science Research. 2011;2(2):197- 201.
Srinivas CH, Ravishankar P, Venkatesan R, Sathya Narayan Rao MS, Ravinder Reddy R. Pollution Research. 2000;19:285–289.
Murugesan A, Ramu A and Kannan N, Indian Jounal of Environmental Protection. 2005;25(10):885–892.
BIS, Indian standard specification for drinking water. IS: 10500, Indian Standard Institute; 1991.
Jain CK, Shamia MK, Omkar. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection. 1997;17(6):401–405.
ICMR. Manuals of standards of quality for drinking water supplies. I.C.M.R. New Delhi; 1975.
Elinge CM, Itodo AU, Peni IJ, Brinin–Yauri UA, Mbongo AN. Advances in Applied Science Research. 2011;2(4):279-282.
Jain CK, Bhatio KK, Kumar SR. International Journal of Environmental Protection. 2000; 23(3):321–329.
Minnesota Department of Health. Environmental Health Division. 2021;651-201-4700.
Available:www.health.state.mn.us
Mangale Sapana M, Chonde Sonal G, Raut P.D. Res. J. Recent Sci. 2012;1(3):31– 40.
Rajmohan N, Elango L, Environmental Geology. 2005;47:820–830.
WHO. Guidelines for drinking water quantity. 2nd Ed., Geneva; 1993.
Sulochana N, Selvarani K and Stephen Inbaraj B. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection. 1997;17(6):421– 425.
Sadhana C. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection. 1994,;14(10):758–765.
Abdulrafiu Majolagbe O, Adeleke Kasali A and Lateef Ghaniyu O. Advances in Applied Science Research. 2011;2(1):289–298.
EPA. National Aquatic Resource Surveys. United States Environmental Protection Agency; 2021.
Available:https://www.epa.gov/national-aquatic-resource-surveys/indicators-dissolved-oxygen
Water Science School. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Water; 2018.
Water Education Foundation; 2021.
Available:https://www.watereducation.org/aquapedia-background/biochemical-oxygen-demand
BioprocessH2O. How to Reduce COD in Water; 2021.
Available:https://www.bioprocessh2o.com/blog/cod